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When Was The Lp Invented

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The Long and Winding Road to the LP: When Was the Long-Playing Record Invented?



The long-playing record, or LP, revolutionized the way we experience music. This seemingly simple disc, capable of holding up to an hour of audio on a single side, irrevocably altered the music industry and listening habits. But when exactly did this technological marvel emerge? This article delves into the history of the LP, exploring the technological advancements, key players, and the competitive landscape that ultimately led to its widespread adoption.

The Precursors to the LP: A History of Vinyl's Development



Before the LP, the dominant format was the 78-rpm shellac disc. While capable of holding around three minutes of music per side, these records were notoriously fragile and prone to surface noise. The desire for a longer playing time, with better fidelity, fueled the search for a superior format. Early experiments with different materials and recording speeds were undertaken throughout the 1920s and 30s, laying the groundwork for what would eventually become the LP. These early attempts, while not achieving the desired result, highlighted the limitations of the existing technology and spurred further innovation. For example, experimenting with different materials like vinyl (originally called "plastics") proved crucial in improving durability and reducing surface noise.


The Birth of the LP: Columbia's 33 1/3 RPM Revolution



The pivotal moment in the LP's history arrived in 1948. Columbia Records, under the leadership of Peter Goldmark, unveiled its 33 1/3 rpm microgroove record. This was a significant departure from the standard 78 rpm format. The "microgroove" referred to the narrower, closer-together grooves etched into the vinyl. This allowed for a far greater amount of music to be stored on a single side, typically around 20-25 minutes, dramatically increasing playing time. The initial releases featured classical music, demonstrating the LP's suitability for longer musical works. This strategic move highlighted a key advantage over the existing 78 rpm format, appealing to the classical music market initially before broader adoption.

The Format Wars: RCA Victor's 45 RPM Challenge



Columbia's introduction of the LP wasn't met with universal acceptance. RCA Victor, a major competitor, responded by launching its own format in 1949: the 45 rpm single. This smaller, seven-inch record played at a faster speed and boasted better sound quality than 78s, but held only about four minutes per side. This format war raged for several years, each company promoting the advantages of its respective format. The 45 rpm, with its smaller size and focus on individual songs, found immediate popularity with the burgeoning pop music market.


The LP's Rise to Dominance: The 1950s and Beyond



Despite the initial competition, the LP's superior playing time ultimately proved decisive. Its ability to hold entire albums, or even multiple works in the case of classical music, resonated with listeners and artists alike. The 1950s witnessed the LP’s ascendancy as the preferred format for recorded music. The development of stereo sound in the late 1950s further enhanced the LP's appeal, providing a richer and more immersive listening experience. Artists began to think differently about album creation, crafting cohesive bodies of work rather than just collections of individual hits, fostering a more artistic approach to music recording. Examples include seminal albums like Kind of Blue by Miles Davis and Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band by The Beatles which are intrinsically linked to the LP format.


The Legacy of the Long-Playing Record



The LP's impact extends far beyond its technical specifications. It fundamentally changed the way music was conceived, produced, and consumed. The album art became a crucial element, adding visual appeal and contextualizing the music within a larger narrative. The LP fostered a sense of artistic integrity and allowed for a deeper engagement with the music. Although later superseded by the cassette tape and CD, and more recently by digital formats, the LP remains a cultural icon, enjoying a resurgence in popularity among audiophiles and music lovers who appreciate its tactile quality and superior sound.

Conclusion:

The invention of the LP wasn’t a singular event but rather a culmination of years of research, experimentation, and fierce competition. Columbia's introduction of the 33 1/3 rpm microgroove record in 1948 marked a pivotal moment, but its dominance wasn't secured until after a format war with RCA Victor's 45 rpm single. The LP's legacy extends beyond its technological innovations, shaping the way we experience music to this day. Its influence on album art, musical composition, and listening habits remains undeniable.


FAQs:

1. What material was used for the first LPs? The first LPs were made from vinyl, a type of plastic that offered improved durability and reduced surface noise compared to shellac.

2. Why did the LP win the format war? The LP ultimately prevailed because of its significantly longer playing time, allowing for entire albums to be contained on a single disc.

3. What is microgroove technology? Microgroove refers to the narrower, closer-together grooves etched into the vinyl of the LP, allowing for a greater amount of music to be stored.

4. When did stereo LPs become common? Stereo sound for LPs became widely available in the late 1950s, greatly enhancing the listening experience.

5. Are LPs still produced today? Yes, LPs continue to be produced and sold, enjoying a renewed popularity amongst audiophiles and music enthusiasts.

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Guest Post: How the LP (and the 45 single) Were Born 3 Dec 2012 · The LP as we know it today was introduced during a press conference at the Waldorf Astoria in New York on June 21, 1948. Columbia Records developed the new 12-inch medium from “unbreakable” Vinylite, and the album could hold 22.5 minutes of music on each side, spinning at 33 1/3 rounds per minute.

The History of The LP Record - Classical33.co.uk The evolution from these Shellac discs into the Long Playing (LP) Vinyl record occurred on 27th February 1946, being produced at the CBS factory and laboratory.

History of Vinyl Records | Victrola Perhaps the most interesting and profound of inventions was the creation of the LP vinyl record. Between having no say in what you listen to on the stereo now, when we have full control of our music experience, vinyl records stand as a link, a marker of human progress.

A brief history of the turntable and vinyl records | What Hi-Fi? 15 Apr 2024 · In 1857, French inventor Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville showcased his phonautograph. It used a vibrating diaphragm and stylus to record sound waves by tracing them on sheets of paper, but it could only visualise sound waves and thus could not play them back. It was this concept that led to Thomas Edison's invention of the phonograph in 1877.

Long Playing (LP) Record - Hi-Fi Hall of Fame In 1931, RCA Victor launched the first vinyl long playing (LP) record for the mainstream market. These revolutionary discs were designed for playback at 33 1⁄3 rpm and pressed on a 12 inch (30 cm) diameter vinyl disc.

What is an LP (Record)? - Notes On Vinyl 26 Dec 2023 · The LP, or Long Play record, has long been a staple in the world of music playback, renowned for its capacity to store extended audio recordings. Introduced in 1948, the LP revolutionized the way music was consumed, offering longer playing times and higher fidelity compared to its predecessors.

Curious Questions: What was the first ever vinyl LP? 25 Feb 2023 · Ever since the release in Japan of Billy Joel’s 52nd Street on October 1, 1982, the first commercially available compact disc (CD), vinyl records have been locked in an existential struggle.

Back in Time - A Brief History of Vinyl Records by DMS In 1948, thanks to CBS, we were introduced to the world’s first LP (Long Play) vinyl record. Created by Peter Goldmark, this vinyl record had a capacity of around 21 minutes per side and was 12 inches wide, playing at a speed of 33 1/3 RPM.

The History of Vinyl Records - Musician Wave 8 Aug 2023 · Without predicting the consequences of the Great Depression, RCA Victor and Columbia Records pioneered the long-playing record (LP) format in the early 1930s. At the time, most commercially-available records rotated at 78 rotations per minute (rpm).

The Evolution of Vinyl: From Shellac to LPs and Beyond In 1857, Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville invented the phonautograph, which was the first device capable of recording sound waves as they passed through the air. However, it was Thomas Edison’s invention of the phonograph in 1877 that marked a significant milestone in the history of recorded sound.

The History of Vinyl Records: An In-Depth Guide 5 Jan 2022 · It was the LP, which could hold over 20 minutes of music on each of its two sides, that revolutionized the way music was recorded and released. Thanks to the LP, artists and bands started recording full-length projects consisting of around a dozen songs.

What does LP stand for? Unravelling the Mysteries of Vinyl Records 8 Feb 2024 · Who Invented the LP? The LP was a revolutionary creation attributed to Peter Carl Goldmark, a Hungarian engineer who worked for Columbia Records. In 1948, Goldmark and his team introduced the 33 1/3 RPM microgroove long-playing record as a response to the limitations of the 78 RPM shellac discs.

The Development of the LP - Steven Lewis The long-playing record, or "LP," was introduced to the public in 1948 by CBS Records. Philco was the first to market a phonograph to play these new records. Bing Crosby was beginning his 3rd year as host of Philco Radio Time when Philco launched their advertising campaign to sell the new phonograph.

What is an lp in music? - California Learning Resource Network 28 Dec 2024 · One of the most iconic and beloved formats is the Long-Playing (LP) record. But what exactly is an LP in music? A Brief History of LP. The Long-Playing record was invented in the 1940s by Columbia Records’ inventor and engineer, Peter Goldmark.

The history of the LP - hi-fi+ 20 Dec 2023 · The LP went on to become the dominant format for recorded music throughout the 1960s, 1970s and early 1980s. During this time, many classic albums, such as the Beatles’ Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band , The Beach Boys’ Pet Sounds , and Bob Dylan’s Blonde on Blonde , were released and only available on LP.

LP record - Wikipedia Columbia Records unveiled the LP at a press conference in the Waldorf Astoria on June 21, 1948, in two formats: 10 inches (25 centimetres) in diameter, matching that of 78 rpm singles, and 12 inches (30 centimetres) in diameter. [21][22][23] The initial release of 133 recordings were: 85 12-inch classical LPs (ML 4001 to 4085), 26 10-inch classi...

History of Vinyl Records: When did vinyl records come out 12 Nov 2022 · Who invented the modern LP Record? Peter Goldmark created the world’s first LP (Long Play) record in 1948. These were 12 inches in diameter and had he capacity of around 21 minutes per side meaning artists could fit entire albums onto a single LP.

A Brief History of Vinyl Records – The Vinyl Revivers In the early 1960s, consumers caught onto stereo LPs, and conventional mono LPs stopped being manufactured by 1968. Phillips introduced the first cassette in 1962 and gave vinyl some stiff competition.

The history of the LP: what goes around... - What Hi-Fi? 2 Jul 2008 · Elborough previously brought alive the history of the London Routemaster bus - and there's another subject guaranteed to have friends giving you a wide berth - in his book The Bus We Loved, and through a mixture of fact, anecdote …

PETER GOLDMARK: INVENTOR OF THE LP RECORD - LIVES … Peter Carl Goldmark, a Hungarian-born physicist and engineer who later became a U.S. citizen, is best known for his invention of the long-playing record. It revolutionized the recorded music industry and dominated sales for 40 years.