Mastering APA Citations for Merriam-Webster Dictionary Entries: A Comprehensive Guide
Accurate and consistent citation is crucial for academic integrity. While citing books and journals is relatively straightforward, citing dictionary entries, especially those from a reputable source like Merriam-Webster, presents unique challenges. This article addresses common issues faced when citing Merriam-Webster dictionary entries using the American Psychological Association (APA) style, providing a clear and comprehensive guide to ensure accuracy and avoid plagiarism.
I. Understanding the Unique Nature of Dictionary Citations
Unlike books or articles, dictionary entries don't have authors in the traditional sense. Instead, the "author" is the editorial team responsible for compiling and maintaining the dictionary. This necessitates a slightly different approach to APA citation. Moreover, you need to specify the edition and publication date of the dictionary to ensure the reader can locate the exact source of your definition. Failure to do so undermines the credibility of your work.
II. Citing Merriam-Webster Dictionary Entries in APA Style: A Step-by-Step Guide
The core elements required for citing a Merriam-Webster dictionary entry in APA style are:
1. Entry Name: The word or term you are defining.
2. Year of Publication: The copyright year of the dictionary edition you used.
3. Dictionary Name: "Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary," "Merriam-Webster's Unabridged Dictionary," etc. Specify the specific dictionary you consulted.
4. Edition: Indicate the edition (e.g., 11th ed.). If it's an online version, specify that.
Example 1: Print Dictionary
Let's say you looked up the definition of "ephemeral" in the Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, published in 2003. Your in-text citation would look like this:
If you accessed the definition of "ubiquitous" from Merriam-Webster's online dictionary on October 26, 2023, your in-text citation would be:
(ubiquitous, n.d.)
Your reference list entry would be:
Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved October 26, 2023, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ubiquitous
Note: "n.d." (no date) is used when the online dictionary doesn't provide a specific publication date. Always include the retrieval date for online sources. Replace "https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ubiquitous" with the actual URL you used.
III. Addressing Common Challenges
A. Multiple Meanings: If you use more than one definition from the same entry, you must specify which definition you're referring to. You can do this by including the definition number in parentheses after the word. For example: (ephemeral, 2003, def. 1).
B. No Publication Date for Online Entries: While the ideal situation is finding a publication date, many online entries lack this information. In this case, use "n.d." (no date) and ensure you include the retrieval date.
C. Different Merriam-Webster Dictionaries: Merriam-Webster publishes various dictionaries (Collegiate, Unabridged, etc.). Always specify the exact dictionary you used as the information and definitions might vary between them.
D. Using Direct Quotations: When directly quoting a definition, enclose the quoted material in quotation marks and cite it correctly, as shown in the examples above. Remember to also include the page number if using a print version. For online versions, the page number will be unavailable.
IV. Conclusion
Mastering APA citations for Merriam-Webster dictionary entries requires attention to detail and adherence to specific formatting guidelines. By following the step-by-step guide and understanding the nuances discussed, you can accurately and consistently cite your sources, upholding academic integrity and enhancing the credibility of your work. Remember to always double-check your citations to ensure accuracy before submitting your work.
V. FAQs
1. Can I cite a specific etymology from Merriam-Webster? Yes, you can. In addition to the standard information, specify that you're referencing the etymology section. For example, in the in-text citation, you could add "(etymology)".
2. What if I used multiple Merriam-Webster dictionaries in my research? List each dictionary separately in your References list, following the format provided earlier.
3. Is it acceptable to paraphrase definitions from Merriam-Webster without direct quotation marks? Yes, paraphrasing is acceptable, but be sure to cite the source correctly, as demonstrated in the examples. Avoid simply rewording the definition without attribution.
4. How do I cite Merriam-Webster’s online thesaurus? The citation format is very similar to the dictionary. You would substitute "Merriam-Webster's Thesaurus" for the dictionary title and include the retrieval date.
5. What if the online Merriam-Webster entry has a revision date? If a revision date is available, use that date in place of "n.d." in your reference entry. This is generally preferred over the retrieval date.
Note: Conversion is based on the latest values and formulas.
Formatted Text:
103 pounds kg 185 cm to ft 78kg to lbs 300 seconds to minutes unwieldy meaning bartolomeu dias 193 pounds in kg 280 square meter to square foot 117kg to lbs is 0 a natural number third planet from the sun 193cm to feet 99 kg to lbs 183 lbs to kg 110cm to inches
